01 Metabolic relationship between betaine, methionine and choline
 
The biochemical reactions involved in the metabolism of various substances in animals are not isolated, but interdependent and restrictive. to maintain normal metabolism. As an essential group for many metabolic reactions, methyl groups must be provided by specific methyl donors (betaine, methionine, choline, etc.). The metabolic relationship between betaine, methionine and choline is reflected through the cyclic reaction of the three transfer methyl groups. At the same time, it increases the fermentation speed of starch, maintains the synchronous release of energy nitrogen, and improves the bacterial protein (MCP) synthesis efficiency.

02 The relationship between betaine and choline and methionine substitution

In addition to being a methyl donor, betaine has many unique functions, and has become an important feed additive. Poultry is particularly beneficial. Betaine can improve the tolerance of biological cells to drought, high humidity, high salt and hypertonic environment, stabilize enzyme activity and biological macromolecular function. Betaine can effectively prevent water loss in cells and improve the function of Na/K pump. Prevent hyperkalemia caused by abdominal exposure, thereby regulating the balance of water and ions in the intestinal tract of animals, maintaining intestinal function, and slowing down the occurrence of diarrhea: Betaine and ionophore coccidial drugs are used together to protect intestinal cells and ensure The normal function of cell membranes and nutrient absorption, improve the efficacy of anticoccidial drugs, and keep the water content of feces lower, which is also beneficial to improve the hygiene of poultry houses,

03 The mechanism of action of betaine

Methyl is an indispensable and important substance for the metabolism of various substances in animals. Animals can hardly synthesize methyl and must be supplied by feed. Betaine is the most effective methyl donor, and all three of its methyl groups can be used as effective active methyl groups. One of them methylates homocysteine ​​to form endogenous methionine and dimethylglycine, endogenous methionine releases methyl group by forming S-adenosylmethionine, and dimethylglycine releases methyl group to form 5-methylglycine 5-methyltetrahydrofolate is a methyl donor for the synthesis of methionine from homocysteine. Betaine participates in the metabolism of proteins, fats and other substances through betaine-homocysteine ​​methyl transfer reaction, and plays an important role in the nervous system, immune system, urinary system and cardiovascular system.