The molecular formula of betaine (trimethylaminoethyl lactone) is (CH3)3NCH2COO-, no strong hygroscopicity, non-toxic, stable physical and chemical properties, high temperature resistance (200℃), widely distributed in nature.  Betaine can participate in the methyl cycle in animals and can be used as a nutritional feed additive to partially replace methionine and reduce the production cost of feed.  Betaine has certain therapeutic effects on human cardiovascular, neurological, liver and homocysteinuria diseases, and can be used as candidate drugs.  

Normal people including children's urine will contain a small amount of betaine, and not to affect the discharge betaine intake to add, but in some patients in the urine of betaine content is very high, for example, about a third of the patients with diabetes and other secretion disorder patients have abnormal betaine, these groups of artery has a high incidence of cardiovascular disease in general.
 

Homocysteine is a risk factor for arterial disease. Loss of betaine leads to the addition of homocysteine. Folic acid and other vitamins can reduce homocysteine, but cannot reduce the incidence of arterial disease.  Tissue storage of betaine regulates cell capacity to supply methyl groups for the homocysteine cycle and other necessary biomethylation effects, especially when folic acid is limited, and betaine supplementation is a useful treatment. 

Other studies have shown that betaine actually reduces the risk of osteoporosis while lowering homocysteine levels.  Diets high in saturated fat and cholesterol are associated with death from coronary heart disease. Betaine is often added to wine when betasugar is added to add alcohol.  A certain amount of betaine is found in French commercial wine, which can inhibit ischemic coronary heart disease, reduce the content of methionine, and then facilitate the degradation of fat, inhibit the occurrence of coronary heart disease.